前言

之前的实战中，我们实战中，我们使用的镜像都是镜像仓库已有的镜像。 已有的镜像都是别人已经开发好上传的。今天我们一起来看看如何构建自己的镜像并上传到镜像仓库中。

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文章目录

前言一. 设置docker构建镜像的环境1.1 commit 命令的介绍1.2 创建一个tomcat容器 二. 开始构建自己的镜像2.1 查看容器的ID2.2 使用命令docker commit 生成该容器的镜像，并保存在本地 三. 上传镜像到镜像仓库3.1 登录docker hub3.2 创建镜像3.3 上传到镜像仓库 总结

一. 设置docker构建镜像的环境

使用docker commit命令进行镜像的构建

1.1 commit 命令的介绍

我们执行 docker help commit来查看：

[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker help commitUsage:  docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]Create a new image from a container's changesAliases:  docker container commit, docker commitOptions:  -a, --author string    Author (e.g., "John Hannibal Smith <hannibal@a-team.com>")  -c, --change list      Apply Dockerfile instruction to the created image  -m, --message string   Commit message  -p, --pause            Pause container during commit (default true)[root@mufeng63 ~]# 

1.2 创建一个tomcat容器

拉取Tomcat的镜像

[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID   CREATED   SIZE[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker pull tomcatUsing default tag: latestlatest: Pulling from library/tomcat0e29546d541c: Pull complete 9b829c73b52b: Pull complete cb5b7ae36172: Pull complete 6494e4811622: Pull complete 668f6fcc5fa5: Pull complete dc120c3e0290: Pull complete 8f7c0eebb7b1: Pull complete 77b694f83996: Pull complete 0f611256ec3a: Pull complete 4f25def12f23: Pull complete Digest: sha256:9dee185c3b161cdfede1f5e35e8b56ebc9de88ed3a79526939701f3537a52324Status: Downloaded newer image for tomcat:latestdocker.io/library/tomcat:latest[root@mufeng63 ~]# 

基于Tomcat的镜像创建容器

[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker run  --name mytomcat -d -p 8080:8080 tomcat1f5bd6dcca0a614ec047bf3882e3fe2e4cdb17b7f343d7834145b17d1fc3c3c3[root@mufeng63 ~]# 

在Tomcat中部署一个简单的页面

如果不创建页面，直接访问Tomcat是会报错的，所以这里需要手动创建一个web测试页面：

//查看正在运行的容器[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND             CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                       NAMES1f5bd6dcca0a   tomcat    "catalina.sh run"   53 seconds ago   Up 52 seconds   0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp   mytomcat// 登录Tomcat容器[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker exec -it 1f5bd6dcca0a /bin/bashroot@1f5bd6dcca0a:/usr/local/tomcat# lsBUILDING.txt LICENSE  README.md RUNNING.txt  conf  logs    temp     webapps.distCONTRIBUTING.md  NOTICE   RELEASE-NOTES  bin      lib   native-jni-lib  webapps  work// 创建web测试目录root@1f5bd6dcca0a:/usr/local/tomcat# mkdir webapps/mufeng_demo//创建index.htmlroot@1f5bd6dcca0a:/usr/local/tomcat# echo "<h1>This is mufenggrow </>" > webapps/mufeng_demo/index.htmlroot@1f5bd6dcca0a:/usr/local/tomcat# 

浏览器访问测试：
使用ip+端口号/mufeng_demo/index.html进行访问：

二. 开始构建自己的镜像

2.1 查看容器的ID

先要确定自己要基于哪个容器生成镜像， 这里我们用Tomcat的容器来构建：

[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND             CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                       NAMES1f5bd6dcca0a   tomcat    "catalina.sh run"   19 minutes ago   Up 19 minutes   0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp   mytomcat[root@mufeng63 ~]# 

可以确定该容器的ID是1f5bd6dcca0a

2.2 使用命令docker commit 生成该容器的镜像，并保存在本地

[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker commit 1f5bd6dcca0a mufeng_tomcatsha256:3dbdf1f915ac9cc3210fb0e77d9f5d93f24064ac604cf12d24f602693396eed3[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY      TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZEmufeng_tomcat   latest    3dbdf1f915ac   9 seconds ago   680MBtomcat          latest    fb5657adc892   15 months ago   680MB[root@mufeng63 ~]# 

执行完成后，看到多了一个mufeng_tomcat 的镜像。

三. 上传镜像到镜像仓库

3.1 登录docker hub

docker hub的官网地址： https://hub.docker.com/

注册：

创建存储库

你可以手动创建存储库，当然也可以不创建，我们这里默认是不创建的，上传的时候直接用mufenggrow/ 即可

3.2 创建镜像

如果要上传到镜像仓库中，需要在镜像名称前加上仓库的路径信息：

[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker commit 1f5bd6dcca0a mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcatsha256:dc9420341e4bd06cdd7dc5881220481c9dbe8faf4d548356c6dbab265a36416b[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY                 TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZEmufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat   latest    dc9420341e4b   5 seconds ago    680MBmufeng_tomcat              latest    3dbdf1f915ac   16 minutes ago   680MBtomcat                     latest    fb5657adc892   15 months ago    680MB

3.3 上传到镜像仓库

使用docker login 登录

[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker loginLogin with your Docker ID to push and pull images from Docker Hub. If you don't have a Docker ID, head over to https://hub.docker.com to create one.Username: mufenggrowPassword: WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. Seehttps://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-storeLogin Succeeded[root@mufeng63 ~]# 

开始上传

[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker push mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcatUsing default tag: latestThe push refers to repository [docker.io/mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat]66f50273e519: Pushed 3e2ed6847c7a: Mounted from library/tomcat bd2befca2f7e: Mounted from library/tomcat 59c516e5b6fa: Mounted from library/tomcat 3bb5258f46d2: Mounted from library/tomcat 832e177bb500: Mounted from library/tomcat f9e18e59a565: Mounted from library/tomcat 26a504e63be4: Mounted from library/tomcat 8bf42db0de72: Mounted from library/tomcat 31892cc314cb: Mounted from library/tomcat 11936051f93b: Mounted from library/tomcat latest: digest: sha256:4a696362a8586173d7f0f9b12eef1354060d10746796e59519ed083fe0acd5f8 size: 2630[root@mufeng63 ~]# 

到网页端查看
下载测试

先删除系统中已经有的包：

[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker rmi mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat:latest Untagged: mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat:latestUntagged: mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat@sha256:4a696362a8586173d7f0f9b12eef1354060d10746796e59519ed083fe0acd5f8Deleted: sha256:dc9420341e4bd06cdd7dc5881220481c9dbe8faf4d548356c6dbab265a36416bDeleted: sha256:6d5bd3130a0c60a6075e5856fa11c8acfdab7a2252360a6fbeabdef1f83fc526[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker rmi mufeng_tomcatUntagged: mufeng_tomcat:latestDeleted: sha256:3dbdf1f915ac9cc3210fb0e77d9f5d93f24064ac604cf12d24f602693396eed3Deleted: sha256:ea120c9388c452a6f215f1761b5981e40370e74b68d1886237e0931ce33a45f3[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZEtomcat       latest    fb5657adc892   15 months ago   680MB[root@mufeng63 ~]#

下载镜像包

[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker search mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcatNAME                       DESCRIPTION   STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATEDmufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat                 0                    [root@mufeng63 ~]# docker pull mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcatUsing default tag: latestlatest: Pulling from mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat0e29546d541c: Already exists 9b829c73b52b: Already exists cb5b7ae36172: Already exists 6494e4811622: Already exists 668f6fcc5fa5: Already exists dc120c3e0290: Already exists 8f7c0eebb7b1: Already exists 77b694f83996: Already exists 0f611256ec3a: Already exists 4f25def12f23: Already exists 5a8cdbad1b10: Pull complete Digest: sha256:4a696362a8586173d7f0f9b12eef1354060d10746796e59519ed083fe0acd5f8Status: Downloaded newer image for mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat:latestdocker.io/mufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat:latest[root@mufeng63 ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY                 TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZEmufenggrow/mufeng_tomcat   latest    dc9420341e4b   24 minutes ago   680MBtomcat                     latest    fb5657adc892   15 months ago    680MB[root@mufeng63 ~]# 

可以看到，我们自己构建的镜像，已经可以下载了。

总结

? 好啦，这就是今天要分享给大家的全部内容了，我们下期再见！
? 本文由沐风晓月原创，首发于CSDN博客， 博客主页：mufeng.blog.csdn.net
? 日拱一卒无尽有，功不唐捐终入海
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