Hey 好久不见，大家一看三月中下旬这个时间节点也应该能猜到这篇更新什么内容，没错MATLAB R2024a正式版发布啦啦拉拉，直接来看看有啥我认为比较有意思的更新点吧：
1 极坐标表达式绘制
将会使用使用fpolarplot函数来替换ezpolar：
f = @(t) 1 + cos(t);fpolarplot(f)% fpolarplot(f,LineWidth=2)
2 极坐标填充区域
使用thetaregion，radiusregion和polarregion函数。填充区域用于高亮显示绘图：
f = @(t) 1 + cos(t);fpolarplot(f,LineWidth=2)% 极坐标半径填充radiusregion([0.5,1],'FaceColor','b')% 极坐标角度填充thetaregion([pi/6,pi/3]+pi,'FaceColor','g')% 极坐标区域填充thetas = [0 pi/2];radii = [1.5 2];polarregion(thetas,radii,'FaceColor','r')
3 线条样式
可以使用linestyleorder函数设置线条样式的出现规律：
Y = (10:15)'-(0:5);tiledlayout(2,1)ax1 = nexttile;plot(ax1,Y,LineWidth=1)ax2 = nexttile;plot(ax2,Y,LineWidth=1)% 设置坐标区域1线条样式linestyles1 = ["-","--","-o"];linestyleorder(ax1, linestyles1)% 设置坐标区域2线条样式linestyles2 = ["-s","-.","->"];linestyleorder(ax2, linestyles2)
4 RGB和16进制颜色转换
rgb2hex和hex2rgb：
RGB = [0.60 0.30 0.80];rgb2hex(RGB)% ans = % "#994DCC"hexStr = "#CD00EF";hex2rgb(hexStr)% ans = 1×3% 0.8039 0 0.9373当然我很久很久以前写过类似的东西：
function string=ten2sixteen(num)%the num should be a 1x3 Integer mat limited in [0 255]exchange_list={'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','A','B','C','D','E','F'};string='#';for i=1:3 temp_num=num(i); string(1+i*2-1)=exchange_list{(temp_num-mod(temp_num,16))/16+1}; string(1+i*2)=exchange_list{mod(temp_num,16)+1};endend% ten2sixteen([20,30,255])% ans =% '#141EFF'function num=sixteen2ten(string) exchange_list='0123456789ABCDEF#'; num=zeros(1,3); for i=1:3 tempCoe1=find(exchange_list==string(i*2))-1; tempCoe2=find(exchange_list==string(i*2+1))-1; num(i)=16*tempCoe1+tempCoe2; endend% sixteen2ten('#26FF06')% ans =% 38 255 65 图例及矩形透明度
您可以控制图例框和矩形的透明度：
通过设置BackgroundAlpha的属性，将图例对象透明度设置为介于0（完全透明）和 1（不透明）通过设置FaceAlpha的属性，将矩形对象透明度设置为介于0和1 .说来有趣，之前参加迷你黑客大赛后，官方Graphics Team询问有没有想要分享的技巧：
我就分享了关于实现圆角半透明图例的知乎文章：
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/642487014然后比较巧的是，官方团队正好也打算在R2024a版本发布这个功能，属于正巧撞上了：
X=1:2;Y=(1:2)+(1:6)';plot(X,Y,'LineWidth',8);legend('BackgroundAlpha',.5)
展示一下我之前写的功能函数和效果：
function SPrettyLegend(lgd)% Semitransparent rounded rectangle legend% Copyright (c) 2023, Zhaoxu Liu / slandarer% -------------------------------------------------------------------------% Zhaoxu Liu / slandarer (2023). pretty legend % (https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/132128-pretty-legend), % MATLAB Central File Exchange. 检索来源 2023/7/9.% =========================================================================if nargin<1 ax = gca; lgd = get(ax,'Legend');endpause(1e-6)Ratio = .1;t1 = linspace(0,pi/2,4); t1 = t1([1,2,2,3,3,4]);t2 = linspace(pi/2,pi,4); t2 = t2([1,2,2,3,3,4]);t3 = linspace(pi,3*pi/2,4); t3 = t3([1,2,2,3,3,4]);t4 = linspace(3*pi/2,2*pi,4); t4 = t4([1,2,2,3,3,4]);XX = [1,1,1-Ratio+cos(t1).*Ratio,1-Ratio,Ratio,Ratio+cos(t2).*Ratio,... 0,0,Ratio+cos(t3).*Ratio,Ratio,1-Ratio,1-Ratio+cos(t4).*Ratio];YY = [Ratio,1-Ratio,1-Ratio+sin(t1).*Ratio,1,1,1-Ratio+sin(t2).*Ratio,... 1-Ratio,Ratio,Ratio+sin(t3).*Ratio,0,0,Ratio+sin(t4).*Ratio];% 圆角边框(border-radius)oriBoxEdgeHdl = lgd.BoxEdge;newBoxEdgeHdl = matlab.graphics.primitive.world.LineStrip();newBoxEdgeHdl.AlignVertexCenters = 'off';newBoxEdgeHdl.Layer = 'front';newBoxEdgeHdl.ColorBinding = 'object';newBoxEdgeHdl.LineWidth = 1;newBoxEdgeHdl.LineJoin = 'miter';newBoxEdgeHdl.WideLineRenderingHint = 'software';newBoxEdgeHdl.ColorData = uint8([38;38;38;0]);newBoxEdgeHdl.VertexData = single([XX;YY;XX.*0]);newBoxEdgeHdl.Parent=oriBoxEdgeHdl.Parent;oriBoxEdgeHdl.Visible='off';% 半透明圆角背景(Semitransparent rounded background)oriBoxFaceHdl = lgd.BoxFace;newBoxFaceHdl = matlab.graphics.primitive.world.TriangleStrip();Ind = [1:(length(XX)-1);ones(1,length(XX)-1).*(length(XX)+1);2:length(XX)];Ind = Ind(:).';newBoxFaceHdl.PickableParts = 'all';newBoxFaceHdl.Layer = 'back';newBoxFaceHdl.ColorBinding = 'object';newBoxFaceHdl.ColorType = 'truecoloralpha';newBoxFaceHdl.ColorData = uint8(255*[1;1;1;.6]);newBoxFaceHdl.VertexData = single([XX,.5;YY,.5;XX.*0,0]);newBoxFaceHdl.VertexIndices = uint32(Ind);newBoxFaceHdl.Parent = oriBoxFaceHdl.Parent;oriBoxFaceHdl.Visible = 'off';end使用效果
clc; clear; close allrng(12)% 生成随机点(Generate random points)mu = [2 3; 6 7; 8 9];S = cat(3,[1 0; 0 2],[1 0; 0 2],[1 0; 0 1]);r1 = abs(mvnrnd(mu(1,:),S(:,:,1),100));r2 = abs(mvnrnd(mu(2,:),S(:,:,2),100));r3 = abs(mvnrnd(mu(3,:),S(:,:,3),100));% 绘制散点图(Draw scatter chart)hold onpropCell = {'LineWidth',1.2,'MarkerEdgeColor',[.3,.3,.3],'SizeData',60};scatter(r1(:,1),r1(:,2),'filled','CData',[0.40 0.76 0.60],propCell{:});scatter(r2(:,1),r2(:,2),'filled','CData',[0.99 0.55 0.38],propCell{:});scatter(r3(:,1),r3(:,2),'filled','CData',[0.55 0.63 0.80],propCell{:});% 增添图例(Draw legend)lgd = legend('scatter1','scatter2','scatter3');lgd.Location = 'northwest';lgd.FontSize = 14;% 坐标区域基础修饰(Axes basic decoration)ax=gca; grid onax.FontName = 'Cambria';ax.Color = [0.9,0.9,0.9];ax.Box = 'off';ax.TickDir = 'out';ax.GridColor = [1 1 1];ax.GridAlpha = 1;ax.LineWidth = 1;ax.XColor = [0.2,0.2,0.2];ax.YColor = [0.2,0.2,0.2];ax.TickLength = [0.015 0.025];% 隐藏轴线(Hide XY-Ruler)pause(1e-6)ax.XRuler.Axle.LineStyle = 'none';ax.YRuler.Axle.LineStyle = 'none';SPrettyLegend(lgd)
6 常量线和常值区域层级
可以调节常量线（使用xline或者yline创造的对象），以及常值区域（使用xregion和yregion创建的对象）的层次（位于顶层还是底层）：
plot([-5,5],[0,5],'LineWidth',5)xr = xregion([-2 1],[-1 2],'FaceAlpha',1);xr(1).Layer = "top";
7 柱状图组间距
设置GroupWidth属性设置柱状图组间距：
y = [2 2 3; 2 5 6; 2 8 9; 2 11 12];subplot(3,1,1)bar(y,'GroupWidth',.2)title('GroupWidth=0.2')subplot(3,1,2)bar(y,'GroupWidth',.6)title('GroupWidth=0.6')subplot(3,1,3)bar(y,'GroupWidth',1)title('GroupWidth=1')
8 甜甜圈图标签格式
有六种甜甜圈图标签格式，同时可以设置中心标签：
Bakers = ["Betty","Abby","Afiq","Ravi","Dave"];Sales = [20 51.55 49.37 20.35 48.25];subplot(1,2,1)donutchart(Sales,Bakers,'LabelStyle','namepercent','CenterLabel','Slandarer');subplot(1,2,2)donutchart(Sales,Bakers,'LabelStyle','namedata');
9 图像导出函数升级
在调用exportgraphics函数时
使用以下名称值参数控制图像导出：
Width，Height-指定输出的宽度和高度。Padding-指定图形周长周围的填充量。Units-指定宽度、高度和填充值的单位。PreserveAspectRatio-指定是否自动添加填充以保留原始纵横比，如果宽度和高度值与图形的原始纵横比冲突。详情请见：
https://www.mathworks.com/help/releases/R2024a/matlab/ref/exportgraphics.html10 颜色选择器置于App窗口上
fig = uifigure;c = uicolorpicker(fig);
11 App单选按钮HTML及tex
设置Interpreter属性，比如显示公式：
fig = uifigure('Position',[680 678 398 271]);bg = uibuttongroup(fig,'Position',[137 113 123 85]); rb1 = uiradiobutton(bg,'Position',[10 60 91 15],'Interpreter','tex');rb2 = uiradiobutton(bg,'Position',[10 38 91 15],'Interpreter','tex');rb1.Text = 'sin(\pi)';rb2.Text = 'x^2';
12 具有下拉表的表格
fig = uifigure;cnames = categorical({'Blue';'Red'},{'Blue','Red'});w = [400; 700];tdata = table(cnames,w,'VariableNames',{'Color','Wavelength'});uit = uitable(fig,'Data',tdata,'ColumnEditable',true);
13 在脚本和实时脚本中的任意位置定义函数
以前函数只能定义在脚本末尾，现在可以定义在任意位置了：
14 初始矩阵创建
使用createArray函数几乎可以创建任意类型的矩阵，比如：
p = uint8(7 + 3i)% p = uint8% 7 + 3iX = createArray(3,Like=p)% X = 3×3 uint8 矩阵% 0 + 0i 0 + 0i 0 + 0i% 0 + 0i 0 + 0i 0 + 0i% 0 + 0i 0 + 0i 0 + 0iP = createArray(3,FillValue=single(pi))% P = 3x3 single matrix% 3.1416 3.1416 3.1416% 3.1416 3.1416 3.1416% 3.1416 3.1416 3.1416这个函数的使用方式比较复杂，详情请见：
https://www.mathworks.com/help/releases/R2024a/matlab/ref/createarray.html15 局部最值获取
通过islocalmin2及islocalmax2获取局部最值，例如：
A = -peaks;contour(A,'LineWidth',2)colorbar% 获取最小值位置TF = islocalmin2(A);minval = A(TF);[X,Y] = meshgrid(1:49,1:49);hold onplot3(X(TF),Y(TF),minval,"red.",MarkerSize=22)
16 实时编辑器运行python代码
完
这期的更新远远不止上面提到的那些，还有很多更新，但是篇幅有限，这里便不再一一提及，其他更新比如数学方面更新了求解N维数组的伪逆以及线性方程组的最小范数最小二乘解，ui控件比如App designer可以和simulink交互了，此外还有无数的效率提高，比如读取大型JPEG图像比上一版本快1.5倍，生成一个大JPEG图像比上一版本快1.6倍，提高了各种数据格式解析的能力。
除了MATLAB本体外，主要对以下六个工具箱进行了更新，请自行查看：
Computer Vision ToolboxDeep Learning ToolboxGPU CoderInstrument Control ToolboxSatellite Communications ToolboxUAV Toolbox更多更新内容请见：
https://www.mathworks.com/products/new_products/latest_features.htmlhttps://www.mathworks.com/help/releases/R2024a/matlab/release-notes.html