此换镜像源方法只适用x86_64架构的系统，其他架构的系统参考ubuntu-ports的方法
1、备份文件
sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bk
2、创建新文件
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list根据自己系统版本选择下面对应的镜像源添加到新文件中（记得保存再退出）
版本代号可用lsb_release -a 查看
ubuntu 14.04 LTS (trusty) (EOL)
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse# 预发布软件源，不建议启用# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
ubuntu 16.04 LTS (xenial) (EOL)
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse# 预发布软件源，不建议启用# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
ubuntu 18.04 LTS (bionic)
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse# 预发布软件源，不建议启用# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
ubuntu 20.04 LTS (focal)
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse# 预发布软件源，不建议启用# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
ubuntu 22.04 LTS (jammy)
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse# 预发布软件源，不建议启用# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
ubuntu 23.04 (lunar)
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-updates main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-backports main restricted universe multiverse# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lunar-security main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lunar-security main restricted universe multiverse# 预发布软件源，不建议启用# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ lunar-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
ubuntu 23.10 (mantic)
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ mantic main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ mantic main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ mantic-updates main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ mantic-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ mantic-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ mantic-backports main restricted universe multiverse# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ mantic-security main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ mantic-security main restricted universe multiverse# 预发布软件源，不建议启用# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ mantic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ mantic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
ubuntu 24.04 (noble)
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse# 预发布软件源，不建议启用# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse# # deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse其他镜像源：
阿里云
中科大源
3、更新软件包及系统
sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get upgrade -y
参考文档点这里