Mybatis(五):动态SQL
前言一、if二、where三、trim四、choose、when、otherwise五、foreach1. 示例一2. 示例二 六、SQL片段
前言
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Mybatis
框架的动态SQL技术是一种根据特定条件动态拼装SQL
语句的功能,它存在的意义是为了解决拼接SQL
语句字符串时的痛点问题。
动态SQL:
⭕ if
:根据标签中test属性所对应的表达式决定标签中的内容是否需要拼接到SQL中
⭕ where
:
● 当where
标签中有内容时,会自动生成where
关键字,并且将内容前多余的and
或or
去掉
● 当where
标签中没有内容时,此时where
标签没有任何效果
注意:where
标签不能将其中内容后面多余的and
或or
去掉
⭕ trim
:
● 若标签中有内容时:
prefix
|suffix
:将trim标签中内容前面或后面添加指定内容suffixOverrides
|prefixOverrides
:将trim标签中内容前面或后面去掉指定内容 ● 若标签中没有内容时,trim
标签也没有任何效果
⭕ choose
、when
、otherwise
● 相当于if...else if...else
● when
至少要有一个,otherwise
最多只能有一个
⭕ foreach
● collection
:设置需要循环的数组或集合
● item
:表示数组或集合中的每一个数据
● separator
:循环体之间的分割符
● open
:foreach
标签所循环的所有内容的开始符
● close
:foreach
标签所循环的所有内容的结束符
⭕ sql
标签
● 设置SQL
片段:<sql id="empColumns">eid,emp_name,age,sex,email</sql>
● 引用SQL
片段:<include refid="empColumns"></include>
一、if
if
标签可通过test
属性的表达式进行判断,若表达式的结果为true
,则标签中的内容会执行;反之标签中的内容不会执行
DynamicSQLMapper
/** * @description:多条件查询 * @author: Hey * @date: 2022/7/4 13:13 * @param: [emp] * @return: java.util.List<com.ir.mybatis.pojo.Emp> **/ List<Emp> getEmpByCondition(Emp emp);
DynamicSQLMapper.xml
<select id="getEmpByConditionOne" resultType="Emp"> <!--"1=1"有两个作用:①不影响查询结果②更好的拼接后面的条件--> select * from t_emp where 1=1 <if test="empName != null and empName != ''"> emp_name = #{empName} </if> <if test="age != null and age != ''"> and age = #{age} </if> <if test="sex != null and sex != ''"> and sex = #{sex} </if> <if test="email != null and email != ''"> and email = #{email} </if> </select>
DynamicSQLMapperTest
/** * @description:测试if标签 * @author: Hey * @date: 2022/7/4 13:25 * @param: [] * @return: void **/ @Test public void testGetEmpByCondition(){ SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession(); DynamicSQLMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSQLMapper.class); List<Emp> list = mapper.getEmpByCondition(new Emp(null, "", null, "", null)); System.out.println(list); }
二、where
DynamicSQLMapper.xml
<select id="getEmpByConditionTwo" resultType="Emp"> select * from t_emp <where> <if test="empName != null and empName != ''"> emp_name = #{empName} </if> <if test="age != null and age != ''"> and age = #{age} </if> <if test="sex != null and sex != ''"> or sex = #{sex} </if> <if test="email != null and email != ''"> and email = #{email} </if> </where> </select>
DynamicSQLMapperTest
/** * @description:测试where标签 * @author: Hey * @date: 2022/7/4 13:25 * @param: [] * @return: void **/ @Test public void testGetEmpByCondition(){ SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession(); DynamicSQLMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSQLMapper.class); List<Emp> list = mapper.getEmpByCondition(new Emp(null, "", null, "", null)); System.out.println(list); }
三、trim
DynamicSQLMapper.xml
<select id="getEmpByCondition" resultType="Emp"> select <include refid="empColumns"></include> from t_emp <trim prefix="where" suffixOverrides="and|or"> <if test="empName != null and empName != ''"> emp_name = #{empName} and </if> <if test="age != null and age != ''"> age = #{age} or </if> <if test="sex != null and sex != ''"> sex = #{sex} and </if> <if test="email != null and email != ''"> email = #{email} </if> </trim> </select>
四、choose、when、otherwise
DeptMapper
/** * @description:测试choose、when、otherwise * @author: Hey * @date: 2022/7/4 16:50 * @param: [emp] * @return: java.util.List<com.ir.mybatis.pojo.Emp> **/ List<Emp> getEmpByChoose(Emp emp);
DynamicSQLMapper.xml:
<!--List<Emp> getEmpByChoose(Emp emp);--> <select id="getEmpByChoose" resultType="Emp"> select * from t_emp <where> <choose> <when test="empName != null and empName != ''"> emp_name = #{empName} </when> <when test="age != null and age != ''"> age = #{age} </when> <when test="sex != null and sex != ''"> sex = #{sex} </when> <when test="email != null and email != ''"> email = #{email} </when> <otherwise> did = 1 </otherwise> </choose> </where> </select> <sql id="empColumns">eid,emp_name,age,sex,email</sql> <!--List<Emp> getEmpByCondition(Emp emp);-->
五、foreach
1. 示例一
DynamicSQLMapper
/** * @description:通过数组实现批量删除 * @author: Hey * @date: 2022/7/4 17:03 * @param: [eids] * @return: int **/ int deleteMoreByArray(@Param("eids") Integer[] eids);
DynamicSQLMapper.xml
<!--int deleteMoreByArray(@Param("eids") Integer[] eids);--> <delete id="deleteMoreByArray"> delete from t_emp where <foreach collection="eids" item="eid" separator="or"> eid = #{eid} </foreach> <!-- delete from t_emp where eid in <foreach collection="eids" item="eid" separator="," open="(" close=")"> #{eid} </foreach> --> </delete>
DynamicSQLMapperTest
/** * @description:通过数组实现批量删除 * @author: Hey * @date: 2022/7/4 17:11 * @param: [] * @return: void **/ @Test public void testDeleteMoreByArray(){ SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession(); DynamicSQLMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSQLMapper.class); int result = mapper.deleteMoreByArray(new Integer[]{6, 7, 8}); System.out.println(result); }
2. 示例二
DynamicSQLMapper
/** * @description:通过list集合实现批量添加 * @author: Hey * @date: 2022/7/4 17:23 * @param: [emps] * @return: int **/ int insertMoreByList(@Param("emps") List<Emp> emps);
DynamicSQLMapper.xml
<!--int insertMoreByList(@Param("emps") List<Emp> emps);--> <insert id="insertMoreByList"> insert into t_emp values <foreach collection="emps" item="emp" separator=","> (null,#{emp.empName},#{emp.age},#{emp.sex},#{emp.email},null) </foreach> </insert>
DynamicSQLMapperTest
/** * @description:通过list集合实现批量添加 * @author: Hey * @date: 2022/7/4 17:24 * @param: [] * @return: void **/ @Test public void testInsertMoreByList(){ SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession(); DynamicSQLMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSQLMapper.class); Emp emp1 = new Emp(null,"a1",23,"男","123@qq.com"); Emp emp2 = new Emp(null,"a2",23,"男","123@qq.com"); Emp emp3 = new Emp(null,"a3",23,"男","123@qq.com"); List<Emp> emps = Arrays.asList(emp1, emp2, emp3); System.out.println(mapper.insertMoreByList(emps)); }
属性:
collection:设置要循环的数组或集合
item:表示集合或数组中的每一个数据
separator:设置循环体之间的分隔符
open:设置foreach标签中的内容的开始符
close:设置foreach标签中的内容的结束符
六、SQL片段
<sql id="empColumns"> eid,ename,age,sex,did</sql>select <include refid="empColumns"></include> from t_emp