用300行代码左右实现谷歌休闲的恐龙快跑游戏！
主函数：
import sys
import math
import time
import random
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
from Scene import Scene
from Obstacle import Plant, Ptera
from Dinosaur import Dinosaur
# 定义背景填充色，画布宽和高
BACKGROUND = (250, 250, 250)
WIDTH = 800
HEIGHT = 400
#定义游戏结束界面是的样式，即对两张图片的位置显示
def show_gameover(screen):
screen.fill(BACKGROUND)
gameover_img = pygame.image.load('./images/others/gameover.png').convert_alpha()
gameover_rect = gameover_img.get_rect()
gameover_rect.left, gameover_rect.top = WIDTH//3, int(HEIGHT/2.4)
screen.blit(gameover_img, gameover_rect)
restart_img = pygame.image.load('./images/others/restart.png').convert_alpha()
restart_rect = restart_img.get_rect()
restart_rect.left, restart_rect.top = int(WIDTH/2.25), int(HEIGHT/2)
screen.blit(restart_img, restart_rect)
pygame.display.update()
# 鼠标精准点击重新开始图标以执行重新开始游戏功能
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == QUIT:
sys.exit()
pygame.quit()
if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
if mouse_pos[0] < restart_rect.right and mouse_pos[0] > restart_rect.left and\
mouse_pos[1] < restart_rect.bottom and mouse_pos[1] > restart_rect.top:
return True
#将Score转为生成障碍物的概率，e的-score次幂
def sigmoid(score):
probability = 1 / (1 + math.exp(-score))
return min(probability, 0.6)
#主函数
def main():
# 初始化
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("dragon running")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# 得分
score = 0
# 加载一些素材
jump_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("./music/jump.wav")
jump_sound.set_volume(6)
die_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("./music/die.wav")
die_sound.set_volume(6)
pygame.mixer.init()
pygame.mixer.music.load("./music/bg_music.mp3")
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.6)
pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)
font = pygame.font.Font('./font/font1.ttf', 20)
# 实例化
dinosaur = Dinosaur(WIDTH, HEIGHT)
scene = Scene(WIDTH, HEIGHT)
plants = pygame.sprite.Group()
pteras = pygame.sprite.Group()
# 产生障碍物事件
# 设置的定时器常量第一个用pygame.USEREVENT第二个用pygame.USEREVENT＋1
GenPlantEvent = pygame.constants.USEREVENT + 0
pygame.time.set_timer(GenPlantEvent, 1500)
GenPteraEvent = pygame.constants.USEREVENT + 1
pygame.time.set_timer(GenPteraEvent, 5000)
# 游戏是否结束了
running = True
# 是否可以产生障碍物flag
flag_plant = False
flag_ptera = False
t0 = time.time()
# 主循环
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == QUIT:
sys.exit()
pygame.quit()
if event.type == GenPlantEvent:
flag_plant = True
if event.type == GenPteraEvent:
if score > 10:
flag_ptera = True
key_pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if key_pressed[pygame.K_SPACE]:
dinosaur.is_jumping = True
jump_sound.play()
screen.fill(BACKGROUND)
time_passed = time.time() - t0
t0 = time.time()
# 场景
scene.move()
scene.draw(screen)
# 小恐龙
dinosaur.is_running = True
if dinosaur.is_jumping:
dinosaur.be_afraid()
dinosaur.jump(time_passed)
dinosaur.draw(screen)
# 障碍物-植物
if random.random() < sigmoid(score) and flag_plant:
plant = Plant(WIDTH, HEIGHT)
plants.add(plant)
flag_plant = False
for plant in plants:
plant.move()
if dinosaur.rect.left > plant.rect.right and not plant.added_score:
score += 1
plant.added_score = True
if plant.rect.right < 0:
plants.remove(plant)
continue
plant.draw(screen)
# 障碍物-飞龙
if random.random() < sigmoid(score) and flag_ptera:
if len(pteras) > 1:
continue
ptera = Ptera(WIDTH, HEIGHT)
pteras.add(ptera)
flag_ptera = False
for ptera in pteras:
ptera.move()
if dinosaur.rect.left > ptera.rect.right and not ptera.added_score:
score += 5
ptera.added_score = True
if ptera.rect.right < 0:
pteras.remove(ptera)
continue
ptera.draw(screen)
# 碰撞检测
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(dinosaur, plants, False) or pygame.sprite.spritecollide(dinosaur, pteras, False):
die_sound.play()
running = False
# 显示得分
score_text = font.render("熊百涛的Score: "+str(score), 1, (0, 0, 0))
screen.blit(score_text, [10, 10])
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)
res = show_gameover(screen)
return res
#run
if __name__ == '__main__':
res = True
while res:
res = main()
实现主要事件，恐龙的跳跃，奔跑，表情的变换，地图背景的滑动，障碍物的出现（仙人掌和飞鸟），音乐和音效的设置等等
恐龙类：
import pygame'''恐龙类'''class Dinosaur(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, WIDTH=640, HEIGHT=500):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.HEIGHT = HEIGHTself.WIDTH = WIDTH# self.imgs = ['./images/dinosaur/wait.png', './images/dinosaur/afraid.png', './images/dinosaur/running.png', './images/dinosaur/flying.png']self.imgs = ['./images/dinosaur/dino.png', './images/dinosaur/dino_ducking.png']self.reset()'''跳跃'''def jump(self, time_passed):# time_passed很小时，可近似为匀速运动if self.is_jumping_up:self.rect.top -= self.jump_v * time_passedself.jump_v = max(0, self.jump_v - self.jump_a_up * time_passed)if self.jump_v == 0:self.is_jumping_up = Falseelse:self.rect.top = min(self.initial_top, self.rect.top + self.jump_v * time_passed)self.jump_v += self.jump_a_down * time_passedif self.rect.top == self.initial_top:self.is_jumping = Falseself.is_jumping_up = Trueself.jump_v = self.jump_v0'''跳跃时变为感到恐惧的表情'''def be_afraid(self):self.dinosaur = self.dinosaurs.subsurface((352, 0), (88, 95))'''把自己画到屏幕上去'''def draw(self, screen):if self.is_running and not self.is_jumping:self.running_count += 1if self.running_count == 6:self.running_count = 0self.running_flag = not self.running_flagif self.running_flag:self.dinosaur = self.dinosaurs.subsurface((176, 0), (88, 95))else:self.dinosaur = self.dinosaurs.subsurface((264, 0), (88, 95))screen.blit(self.dinosaur, self.rect)'''重置'''def reset(self):# 恐龙是否在奔跑self.is_running = False# 为了奔跑特效self.running_flag = Falseself.running_count = 0# 恐龙是否在跳跃self.is_jumping = False# 恐龙是否在向上跳跃self.is_jumping_up = True# 跳跃初始速度self.jump_v0 = 500# 跳跃瞬时速度self.jump_v = self.jump_v0# 跳跃加速度self.jump_a_up = 1000self.jump_a_down = 800# 小恐龙初始位置self.initial_left = 40self.initial_top = int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)self.dinosaurs = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[0]).convert_alpha()self.dinosaur = self.dinosaurs.subsurface((0, 0), (88, 95))self.rect = self.dinosaur.get_rect()self.rect.left, self.rect.top = self.initial_left, self.initial_top背景画布：
import pygameimport random'''场景类'''class Scene(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, WIDTH=640, HEIGHT=500):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.WIDTH = WIDTHself.HEIGHT = HEIGHTself.speed = 5self.imgs = ['./images/bg/bg1.png', './images/bg/bg2.png', './images/bg/bg3.png']self.reset()'''不停向左移动'''def move(self):self.x = self.x - self.speed'''把自己画到屏幕上去'''def draw(self, screen):if self.bg1_rect.right < 0:self.x = 0self.bg1 = self.bg2self.bg1_rect = self.bg2_rectself.bg2 = self.bg3self.bg2_rect = self.bg3_rectself.bg3 = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[random.randint(0, 2)]).convert_alpha()self.bg3_rect = self.bg3.get_rect()self.bg1_rect.left, self.bg1_rect.top = self.x, int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)self.bg2_rect.left, self.bg2_rect.top = self.bg1_rect.right, int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)self.bg3_rect.left, self.bg3_rect.top = self.bg2_rect.right, int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)screen.blit(self.bg1, self.bg1_rect)screen.blit(self.bg2, self.bg2_rect)screen.blit(self.bg3, self.bg3_rect)'''重置'''def reset(self):self.x = 0self.bg1 = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[0]).convert_alpha()self.bg2 = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[1]).convert_alpha()self.bg3 = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[2]).convert_alpha()self.bg1_rect = self.bg1.get_rect()self.bg2_rect = self.bg2.get_rect()self.bg3_rect = self.bg3.get_rect()self.bg1_rect.left, self.bg1_rect.top = self.x, int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)self.bg2_rect.left, self.bg2_rect.top = self.bg1_rect.right, int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)self.bg3_rect.left, self.bg3_rect.top = self.bg2_rect.right, int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)障碍物类：
import randomimport pygame'''植物'''class Plant(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, WIDTH=640, HEIGHT=500):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.WIDTH = WIDTHself.HEIGHT = HEIGHT# 统计分数时用的self.added_score = Falseself.speed = 5# self.imgs = ['./images/obstacles/plant1.png', './images/obstacles/plant2.png', './images/obstacles/plant3.png', './images/obstacles/plant4.png']self.imgs = ['./images/obstacles/plant_big.png', './images/obstacles/plant_small.png']self.generate_random()'''随机生成障碍物'''def generate_random(self):idx = random.randint(0, 1)temp = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[idx]).convert_alpha()if idx == 0:self.plant = temp.subsurface((101*random.randint(0, 2), 0), (101, 101))else:self.plant = temp.subsurface((68*random.randint(0, 2), 0), (68, 70))self.rect = self.plant.get_rect()self.rect.left, self.rect.top = self.WIDTH+60, int(self.HEIGHT/2)'''不停往左移动'''def move(self):self.rect.left = self.rect.left-self.speed'''把自己画到屏幕上去'''def draw(self, screen):screen.blit(self.plant, self.rect)'''飞龙'''class Ptera(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, WIDTH=640, HEIGHT=500):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.WIDTH = WIDTHself.HEIGHT = HEIGHT# 统计分数时用的self.added_score = Falseself.imgs = ['./images/obstacles/ptera.png']# 为了飞行特效self.flying_count = 0self.flying_flag = True# 统计分数时用的self.speed = 7self.generate()'''生成飞龙'''def generate(self):self.ptera = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[0]).convert_alpha()self.ptera_0 = self.ptera.subsurface((0, 0), (92, 81))self.ptera_1 = self.ptera.subsurface((92, 0), (92, 81))self.rect = self.ptera_0.get_rect()self.rect.left, self.rect.top = self.WIDTH+30, int(self.HEIGHT/20)'''不停往左移动'''def move(self):self.rect.left = self.rect.left-self.speed'''把自己画到屏幕上去'''def draw(self, screen):self.flying_count += 1if self.flying_count % 6 == 0:self.flying_flag = not self.flying_flagif self.flying_flag:screen.blit(self.ptera_0, self.rect)else:screen.blit(self.ptera_1, self.rect)截图如下：
